Genetics and biotechnology for the improvement of aquaculture

India is the leading country in the promotion of biosciences, accelerating the pace of development in biotechnology across various sectors, including agriculture, healthcare, animal sciences, and the environment. Worldwide, in food production, there exist enormous challenges in agriculture and allied sciences to meet the demand for food for around 9 billion people. The deficit in global food production is addressed through alternative food resources to feed the billion people. While considering aquatic resources, the cultivated seafood production system has emerged as an alternative source of smart protein in the food production system, offering high-quality fish production. Considering the advancements in aquatic food production systems, the genetic application in fisheries and aquaculture plays a significant role in vitalising the blue revolution mission in India. The success has been achieved in the fish breeding programme by selecting healthy and genetically superior broodstock based on desirable traits such as growth rate, disease resistance, and fecundity. The induced breeding, using hormones or other techniques, leads to the successful breeding of fish.