Whey Proteins: Health Benefits and Emerging Challenges

Whey proteins are among the most extensively studied bioactive food components, recognized not only for their exceptional nutritional quality but also for their diverse physiological and therapeutic properties. Beyond serving as a rich source of essential amino acids, whey proteins contain numerous bioactive peptides and protein fractions that influence metabolic regulation, immune function, gut microbial composition, and neuropsychological health. Emerging evidence highlights their potential role in improving glycemic control, reducing cardiometabolic risk, modulating inflammatory responses, enhancing antiviral defenses, and supporting cognitive and mental well-being. Furthermore, whey-derived compounds such as lactoferrin and lactoferricin have attracted considerable scientific interest due to their multifunctional biological activities. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the composition, mechanisms of action, health benefits, and current challenges associated with whey proteins and whey-derived bioactive peptides, emphasizing their growing importance in nutrition, preventive medicine, and therapeutic innovation.