The TGF beta Family

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-ß) was identified about 27 years ago for its ability to induce phenotypic transformation of fibroblasts in diverse cell types. Following its cDNA cloning and the identification and characterization of various factors involved in hormonal control, tissue differentiation, and development, the existence of a large family of TGF-ß-related factors in all metazoa became apparent. TGF-ß is now considered as the prototype of this TGF-ß family, which in humans contains at least 35 family members, including activins, inhibins, bone morphogenetic proteins, growth/differentiation factors, and Müllerian inhibiting substance. This monograph comprehensively covers all aspects of the biology of TGF-ß and serves as a reference work for both specialists and researchers less familiar with the field.