The Antibacterial Resistance: What is it?

Several bacterial strains were found to be resistant to multiple antibiotics. These bacteria are known to be multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. They are also called superbugs. The principal superbugs include MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa , MDR Escherichia coli , vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. The MDR bacteria exhibit four principal mechanisms in their resistance against the antibiotics. These mechanisms are the inactivation or modification of the drug, altering of the target or the binding site, altering of the metabolic pathway and the decreasing in the drug accumulation. The evolution of antimicrobial resistance is on continued rise where there were around 1.27 million people have died during year 2019 by the MDR bacteria, worldwide. Thus, there is an urgent need to make more effort to find out the best possible treatment strategies against these superbugs. This includes development of new antibiotics with novel modes of action like the multi-targeting antibiotics, antibiotic combinations and antibiotic adjuvants which can act against these multi-drug resistant strains.

Pages: 80, Paperback, Scholars' Press