Sodium-Ion Battery Engineering: Designing Affordable Energy Storage Systems Beyond Lithium

Practical engineering guidance for building sodium-ion batteriesThis book serves as a focused technical guide for engineers, researchers, and product teams working on sodium-ion energy storage. It connects chemistry, cell design, manufacturing, testing, safety, and system integration into one coherent framework, with an emphasis on real-world implementation rather than theory alone.Covering the full development path from requirements definition to pack-level validation, it explains how to translate application needs into cell specifications, compare sodium-ion and lithium-ion constraints, and establish meaningful test standards for capacity, power, and safety. The material is structured to support decision-making at every stage of development, from material selection to production readiness.What the book covers- Electrochemistry fundamentals for sodium transport, interfacial behavior, kinetics, diffusion, and efficiency loss mechanisms.- Cathode and anode engineering, including layered oxides, Prussian blue analogues, hard carbon, alloying options, and balancing strategies.- Electrolyte formulation with salt, solvent, additive, and contamination control considerations.- Cell architecture topics such as coin, pouch, and cylindrical formats, separator choice, current collectors, and sealing.- Manufacturing process design for coating, drying, calendaring, formation cycling, and quality assurance.- Modeling and characterization using EIS, GITT, incremental capacity analysis, and equivalent circuit methods.- Thermal and safety engineering for heat generation, abuse testing, protection design, and failure traceability.- Degradation and failure analysis with post mortem workflows and root cause identification.- System integration guidance for modules, packs, BMS requirements, wiring protection, testing, and cost tradeoffs.Why this book is usefulUnlike a basic chemistry overview, this volume focuses on engineering choices that affect performance, reliability, manufacturability, and affordability. It is especially valuable for teams designing storage systems for grid support, off-grid applications, and cost-sensitive deployments where sodium-ion can provide a practical alternative to lithium-based solutions.The final chapters tie concepts together through worked engineering examples, test plans, and review-ready data package structures, making the book useful both as a learning resource and as a reference during product development and qualification.Ideal for: battery engineers, materials scientists, manufacturing teams, validation engineers, and system integrators seeking a grounded, application-oriented treatment of sodium-ion battery technology.