Recent advances in pit and fissures sealant: Evolution of Sealant Materials Techniques

Pit and fissure sealants are considered one of the most effective preventive measures against occlusal dental caries, especially in children and adolescents. Over the years, significant advancements have been made in sealant materials, application techniques, and clinical performance. Recent developments include the introduction of fluoride-releasing sealants, resin-modified glass ionomer sealants, hydrophilic materials, nanofilled sealants, and bioactive sealants that enhance adhesion, retention, and caries prevention. Improvements in bonding systems and minimally invasive techniques have also contributed to better penetration into complex fissure patterns and increased longevity of sealants. These advances aim to overcome limitations of conventional sealants, improve moisture tolerance, and provide enhanced preventive outcomes in modern pediatric and preventive dentistry.