Nanomaterials to alleviate Abiotic and biotic stresses in crops: DE

The response of plants to abiotic and biotic stress is complex and involves changes in their morphology, physiology and metabolism. A number of strategies are being followed to enhance the tolerance of abiotic and biotic stress conditions, including the development of genetically-engineered crop varieties containing various gene constructs believed to enhance the performance under stress conditions. Nanotechnology is a versatile field and has found application in almost all the existing fields of science. Nanoparticles enhances the water stress tolerance vis-à-vis enhancing root hydraulic conductance and water uptake in plants and showing differential abundance of proteins involved in oxidation-reduction, Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS) detoxification, stress signaling and hormonal pathways. The mobility of the nanoparticles is very high, which leads to rapid transport of the nutrient to all parts of the plant. At the same time, we have to find ways to increase the adaptation potential of cultivated plants with the use of nanopreparations in stressful conditions.This work reviews the beneficial effects of nano materials in combating abiotic and biotic stress and physiological action.