Cutting Edge Approaches to Aflatoxins BiocontrolA

The spread of environmental pollutants in general, and aflatoxins as one of them, has increased recently, so it is necessary to discuss biocontrol strategies to reduce Aflatoxin contamination, which are dangerous mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, and pose a global threat to public health and food security due to their acute toxicity, carcinogenic effects, and immunosuppression. The study aims to explore sustainable nature-based solutions, such as the use of non-toxin-producing fungal strains, toxin-degrading microorganisms (such as Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum), enzymes (such as chitinase and protease), and genetic engineering techniques to improve crop resistance. The methodology is based on an analysis of previous studies and evaluation of the effectiveness of these strategies in laboratory and field settings. The results showed that competitive exclusion with non-toxin-producing Aspergillus strains (such as aflasafe) reduces contamination by up to 90%, while enzymes break down Aflatoxins into less toxic compounds. Research has also confirmed that combining biocontrol with agronomic improvements.